WHAT IS ADHD?
What is ADHD?
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by a persistent pattern of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.
Symptoms
The symptoms of ADHD can be categorised into two main types of behavioral problems:
inattentiveness and hyperactivity/impulsiveness.
Inattentiveness
Easily distracted
Difficulty focusing on tasks
Forgetfulness
Poor organisational skills
Difficulty following instructions
Hyperactivity and Impulsiveness
Inability to sit still
Excessive fidgeting or movement
Excessive talking
Interrupting others
Acting without thinking
The exact cause of ADHD is still not completely understood, but several factors are believed to contribute:
Genetic Factors:
ADHD often runs in families, suggesting a hereditary component.
Specific genes related to neurotransmitter regulation may be involved.
Environmental Factors:
Prenatal exposure to substances like alcohol, tobacco, or drugs.
Premature birth or low birth weight.
Exposure to environmental toxins, such as lead, during early childhood.
Neurological Factors:
Differences in brain structure and function, particularly in areas related to attention and impulse control.
Imbalances in neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, which play a role in attention and behavior regulation.
Prevalence in the UK
Children: Approximately 5% of children aged 5-15 years are diagnosed with ADHD.
Adults: Around 3-5% of adults have ADHD.
ADHD can have a significant impact on daily life, affecting academic, occupational, and social functioning
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by a persistent pattern of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.
Symptoms
The symptoms of ADHD can be categorised into two main types of behavioral problems:
inattentiveness and hyperactivity/impulsiveness.
Inattentiveness
Easily distracted
Difficulty focusing on tasks
Forgetfulness
Poor organisational skills
Difficulty following instructions
Hyperactivity and Impulsiveness
Inability to sit still
Excessive fidgeting or movement
Excessive talking
Interrupting others
Acting without thinking
The exact cause of ADHD is still not completely understood, but several factors are believed to contribute:
Genetic Factors:
ADHD often runs in families, suggesting a hereditary component.
Specific genes related to neurotransmitter regulation may be involved.
Environmental Factors:
Prenatal exposure to substances like alcohol, tobacco, or drugs.
Premature birth or low birth weight.
Exposure to environmental toxins, such as lead, during early childhood.
Neurological Factors:
Differences in brain structure and function, particularly in areas related to attention and impulse control.
Imbalances in neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, which play a role in attention and behavior regulation.
Prevalence in the UK
Children: Approximately 5% of children aged 5-15 years are diagnosed with ADHD.
Adults: Around 3-5% of adults have ADHD.
ADHD can have a significant impact on daily life, affecting academic, occupational, and social functioning